Figure 2

Uptake of FITC-albumin is dependent on PI3-kinase, actin polymerization, and PKC-δ. A-B, For PI3-kinase inhibition studies, MΦs were cultured in diabetic or non-diabetic conditions for 48 h and treated with 25 μM LY294002 or with wortmannin (10 nM or 100 nM) 15 m prior to uptake experiments. FITC-albumin uptake was measured by flow cytometry. C, MΦs were cultured in diabetic or non-diabetic conditions for 48 h and actin polymerization was inhibited by the addition of 1–10 μM of cytochalasin D 15 m prior to uptake studies. FITC-albumin uptake was measured by flow cytometry. D-F, For PKC inhibition studies MΦs were cultured in diabetic or non-diabetic conditions for 48 h and treated with 10 μM bisindolylmaleimide or 0.25–5 μM rottlerin 15 m prior to uptake experiments. FITC-albumin uptake was measured by flow cytometry. Results are representative of three independent experiments ± SEM. *: p < 0.05 from low glucose controls, *#: p < 0.05 from high glucose controls.